Viruses are one of the most important concern for health worker. Because anti viral drugs are still not working as good as anti-bacterial drugs that means antibiotic. So, still now most of the viral diseases are not treatable. But viral diseases are increasing day by day through out world. However, Some of the viral diseases are self-limiting that means spontaneous remissions within certain period of time.
Marburg virus-
is considered as most dangerous virus for human. Its belong to filoviridae family.
WHO (World Health Organization) considers it as group four pathogen. That's means it require level four bio safety level. It is also considered as category A bioterrorism agent.
Mortality rate was 25 percent in first out break in Germany, 1967. But it was more than eighty percent in 1998 to 2000 out break in People's Republic of Congo.
First out break was in Germany, 1967.
The name if the city was Marburg. At that time thirty-one people was affected and seven people died. Then several outbreaks took place in several countries include Kenya, Congo, Soviet Union And Angola. In all out breaks, mortality rate was very high.
The name if the city was Marburg. At that time thirty-one people was affected and seven people died. Then several outbreaks took place in several countries include Kenya, Congo, Soviet Union And Angola. In all out breaks, mortality rate was very high.
The virus is transmitted through direct contact of blood, body fluids and tissues from infected people or animal containing the viruses. Expert says, it doesn't transmit through air droplet.
After transmission, there is an incubation period of about ten days.
The symptoms include sudden onset of severe fever, headache, myalgia, chills and malaise after incubation period. Symptom progress day by day. There is vomiting, chest pain, sore throat, diarrhoea and abdominal pain. Patient develops hemorrhagic manifestations with in five to seven days that is bleeding from multiple site of body. There is eventually development of multiple organ failure. The disease caused by Marburg virus is thus called Marburg hemorrhagic fever. It is endemic in Africa.
We should remember that Ebola virus can cause the same symptoms. So it is sometime confusing.
It (Marburg) is considered as the most virulent virus for human. Experts are thinking that some countries are trying to make biological weapon using this virus. Russia is in top of suspicion list.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test can be done to confirm the diagnosis. But these tests can be done only in highly specialized laboratories.
If there is a suspicion in mind that a patient is infected with Marburg virus or was in contact with infected person, he or she must should be isolated for at least twenty one days.
Many research are going on in different country to find out the treatment. But still now no drugs, vaccine, antibody or any other forms of definite treatment is available against Marburg virus. Only supportive treatment can be given. Every suspected patient needs high importance. Electrolytes levels should be maintained. Oxygen should be supplied as per need that means oxygen saturation of blood must be maintained. Blood should be transfused when there is hemorrhage. All of these care should be given in intensive care support.
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